The Greek Revolution erupted in 1821 and managed to achieve independence for the new state by 1832. Nevertheless, the relevant treaty signed in London did not include the islands of the Dodecanese as part of the newly built Greek State, and all twelve islands fell again under Turkish occupation, even though one of the three founders of Filiki Etaireia which initiated the Greek Revolution was Emmanuel Xanthos, who descended from Patmos.
In 1912, in connection with the Italo-Turkish War, the Italians occupied all the islands of the Dodecanese, including Patmos and remained there until 1943, when Nazi Germany took over the island.
In 1945, the Germans left and the island of Patmos remained autonomous until 1948 when it joined the rest of independent Greece as part of the Dodecanese Islands.